What is the function of the catalytic converter?

The catalytic converter plays a crucial role in reducing the environmental impact of internal combustion engines. Its primary function is to convert harmful gases produced during combustion—such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons—into less harmful emissions, primarily carbon dioxide and nitrogen. This conversion process occurs through chemical reactions facilitated by catalysts, typically made from platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which promote these reactions without being consumed in the process.

This function is vital for meeting emissions regulations and reducing air pollution. By transforming toxic pollutants into less harmful substances, the catalytic converter significantly contributes to cleaner exhaust emissions, thus protecting air quality and public health. The design and function of the catalytic converter are integral to modern vehicle emission control systems, making option B the accurate choice.