Which pollutant is primarily responsible for acid rain?

The correct choice identifies sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) as the primary pollutants responsible for acid rain. When these compounds are released into the atmosphere, they can undergo chemical reactions with water vapor, oxygen, and other substances to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These acids are then deposited back to the ground in the form of precipitation, which is commonly referred to as acid rain.

Acid rain can have detrimental effects on the environment, including damaging forests, harming aquatic ecosystems, and negatively affecting soil health. It can also lead to the deterioration of buildings and monuments. Understanding the sources and effects of these specific pollutants is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their impact on air quality and ecosystems.

The other options do not correctly identify the causes of acid rain; carbon monoxide, for instance, is primarily a product of incomplete combustion and does not contribute to acid rain. Also, claiming that no pollutants are responsible neglects the scientific consensus on the causes of acid rain. Ozone, while a significant air pollutant and component of smog, does not directly relate to acid rain formation.